How a Diode Works

Module 4 is about the basic electronics. Under this topic we are learning about the semi-conductors and its components and integrated circuits.

Prior Knowledge
Before you can discuss how a diode work, you have to have a basic understanding of semiconductor, the atomic structure and the way the current flows.

Introduction. 
After the doping process, basically there are 2 type of semiconductor, the P-type and the N-type. P type, has shortage of electrons, the doping process has introduced material with only 3 valence electron. Thus its major current carrier is "holes".

The N-type of material has excess electrons. This is because the doping material had 5 valence electrons.

How Diode Works
A diode will allow current to flow with lesser resistance if it is connected following the arrow as in the schematic symbol. Although we normally say that the reversed flow is blocked, in reality, there is always the breakdown point. The resistance will break above a certain voltage.

Diode showing the PN materials